tengri/Source/TengriPlatformer/Movement/TengriMovementComponent.h

// Request Games © All rights reserved

// Source/TengriPlatformer/Movement/TengriMovementComponent.h

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "Components/ActorComponent.h"
#include "TengriPlatformer/Movement/Core/TengriMovementConfig.h"
#include "TengriMovementComponent.generated.h"

class UCapsuleComponent;
struct FPendingLandingEvent; // Forward declaration

DECLARE_DYNAMIC_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_OneParam(FOnTengriLandingSignature, bool, bIsHeavy);

/**
 * Custom movement component for deterministic 3D platformer physics.
 * Uses fixed timestep physics with interpolated rendering.
 *
 * Architecture:
 * - Physics State: Updated at fixed rate (default 120Hz) for determinism
 * - Render State: Interpolated between physics states for smooth visuals
 * - Accumulator: Manages variable frame delta accumulation
 * - Event Accumulation: Events during physics loop are broadcast after completion
 */
UCLASS(ClassGroup = (Custom), meta = (BlueprintSpawnableComponent))
class TENGRIPLATFORMER_API UTengriMovementComponent : public UActorComponent
{
	GENERATED_BODY()

public:
	UTengriMovementComponent();

	/** Get interpolated render location */
	UFUNCTION(BlueprintPure, Category = "Tengri Movement")
	FVector GetRenderLocation() const { return RenderLocation; }

	/** Event triggered when character lands (broadcast after physics loop completes) */
	UPROPERTY(BlueprintAssignable, Category = "Tengri Movement|Events")
	FOnTengriLandingSignature OnLanded;

	/** Instantly snaps character rotation to a new value (bypassing interpolation) */
    void ForceRotation(const FRotator& NewRotation);

	/** Enable strafe mode (character rotates toward camera instead of movement direction) */
	void SetStrafing(const bool bEnabled) { bStrafing = bEnabled; }

protected:
	virtual void BeginPlay() override;

	/** Strafe mode flag */
	bool bStrafing = false;

public:
	virtual void TickComponent(float DeltaTime, ELevelTick TickType,
		FActorComponentTickFunction* ThisTickFunction) override;

	// ========================================================================
	//                            BLUEPRINT API
	// ========================================================================

	/**
	 * Sets the movement input vector. Call every frame from PlayerController.
	 * @param NewInput - Raw input (will be clamped to 1.0 and Z zeroed)
	 */
	UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable, Category = "Tengri Movement")
	void SetInputVector(FVector NewInput);

	/**
	 * Updates jump input state. Call from PlayerController.
	 * @param bPressed - True if button just pressed or currently held
	 */
	UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable, Category = "Tengri Movement")
	void SetJumpInput(bool bPressed);

	// ========================================================================
	//                           CONFIGURATION
	// ========================================================================

	/** Movement parameters data asset */
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = "Tengri Movement")
	TObjectPtr<UTengriMovementConfig> MovementConfig;

	// ========================================================================
	//                           RUNTIME STATE
	// ========================================================================

	/** Current velocity in cm/s (synced from PhysicsVelocity each frame) */
	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = "Tengri Movement|State")
	FVector Velocity;

	/** True when character is on walkable ground */
	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = "Tengri Movement|State")
	bool bIsGrounded = false;

	/** Cached surface thresholds (cosines) for performance */
	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, Category = "Tengri Movement|Debug")
	FSurfaceThresholds CachedThresholds;

private:
	// ========================================================================
	//                      PHYSICS STATE (Deterministic)
	// ========================================================================

	/** Physics location updated at fixed timestep */
	FVector PhysicsLocation = FVector::ZeroVector;

	/** Physics rotation updated at fixed timestep */
	FRotator PhysicsRotation = FRotator::ZeroRotator;

	/** Physics velocity in cm/s */
	FVector PhysicsVelocity = FVector::ZeroVector;

	// ========================================================================
	//                      RENDER STATE (Interpolated)
	// ========================================================================

	/** Interpolated location for smooth rendering */
	FVector RenderLocation = FVector::ZeroVector;

	/** Interpolated rotation for smooth rendering */
	FRotator RenderRotation = FRotator::ZeroRotator;

	// ========================================================================
	//                      FIXED TIMESTEP
	// ========================================================================

	/** Fixed timestep duration in seconds (calculated from PhysicsTickRate) */
	float FixedTimeStep = 1.0f / 120.0f;

	/** Accumulated variable frame time */
	float TimeAccumulator = 0.0f;

	/** Maximum accumulator value to prevent spiral of death */
	float MaxAccumulatorTime = 0.1f;

	// ========================================================================
	//                      INTERPOLATION HISTORY
	// ========================================================================

	/** Previous physics location for interpolation */
	FVector PreviousPhysicsLocation = FVector::ZeroVector;

	/** Previous physics rotation for interpolation */
	FRotator PreviousPhysicsRotation = FRotator::ZeroRotator;

	// ========================================================================
	//                          INTERNAL STATE
	// ========================================================================

	UPROPERTY()
	TObjectPtr<UCapsuleComponent> OwnerCapsule;

	/** Normalized input vector (Z always 0) */
	FVector InputVector = FVector::ZeroVector;

	// ========================================================================
	//                        JUMP STATE (Internal)
	// ========================================================================

	/** Timer for Jump Buffering. > 0 means jump was recently pressed. */
	float JumpBufferTimer = 0.0f;

	/** Timer for Coyote Time. > 0 means we can still jump even if in air. */
	float CoyoteTimer = 0.0f;

	/** True if jump button is currently held down (for variable jump height) */
	bool bIsJumpHeld = false;

	/** Flag to prevent Coyote Time reactivation immediately after jumping */
	bool bHasJumpedThisFrame = false;

	// ========================================================================
	//                         INITIALIZATION
	// ========================================================================

	void InitializeSystem();

	// ========================================================================
	//                      PHYSICS TICK (UPDATED)
	// ========================================================================

	/**
	 * Deterministic physics update at fixed timestep.
	 * All movement logic runs here with constant delta time.
	 * @param FixedDeltaTime - Fixed timestep duration (e.g., 1/120 sec)
	 * @param OutPendingLandings - Accumulator for landing events (broadcast later)
	 */
	void TickPhysics(float FixedDeltaTime, TArray<FPendingLandingEvent>& OutPendingLandings);

	/** Save current physics state before next physics step */
	void SavePreviousPhysicsState();

	// ========================================================================
	//                      INTERPOLATION
	// ========================================================================

	/**
	 * Interpolate render state between previous and current physics states.
	 * @param Alpha - Interpolation factor [0..1]
	 */
	void InterpolateRenderState(float Alpha);

	/** Apply interpolated render state to actor transform */
	void ApplyRenderState() const;

	// ========================================================================
	//                      PHYSICS HELPERS
	// ========================================================================

	/**
	 * Snap to ground to prevent slope jitter.
	 * @param InOutLocation - Physics location (modified if snap succeeds)
	 * @param OutSnapHit - Hit result if ground found
	 * @return True if snapped to ground
	 */
	bool PerformGroundSnapping(FVector& InOutLocation, FHitResult& OutSnapHit) const;
};